CSS Basics to advanced you need to know

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is the language used to style and design web pages. It controls how HTML elements look — including colors, fonts, layouts, spacing, and responsiveness — helping turn a plain structure into an attractive, user-friendly website.

Here’s a complete and structured CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) syllabus — perfect for beginners to advanced learners 👇

Also Read: 10 Steps to start your coding{}.

Full CSS Syllabus and Topics

1. Introduction to CSS

• What is CSS and why it’s used
• How CSS works with HTML
• Ways to include CSS:
  • Inline CSS
  • Internal CSS
  • External CSS (with .css file)
• CSS syntax and selectors
• Understanding the cascade and specificity

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2. CSS Selectors

• Basic selectors: element, class, ID
• Grouping and combining selectors
• Universal selector (*)
• Attribute selectors ([type="text"])
• Descendant, child, sibling combinators
• Pseudo-classes (:hover, :focus, :nth-child())
• Pseudo-elements (::before, ::after, ::first-letter)

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3. Colors, Backgrounds, and Borders

• Color values: names, HEX, RGB, RGBA, HSL
• Background properties: color, image, repeat, size, position, attachment
• Border properties: width, style, color, radius (rounded corners)
• Gradients: linear and radial

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4. Text and Fonts

• Text color, alignment, decoration, transform, spacing
• Font families, sizes, weights, and styles
• Web-safe fonts and Google Fonts
• Line height, letter spacing, word spacing
• Text shadows

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5. Box Model

• Understanding the box model: content, padding, border, margin
• Width and height properties
• box-sizing property (content-box vs border-box)
• Overflow control (visible, hidden, scroll, auto)

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6. Display and Visibility

• display property (block, inline, inline-block, none, flex, grid)
• visibility vs display
• Understanding block vs inline elements
• Using opacity for transparency

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7. Positioning and Layout

• Static, relative, absolute, fixed, and sticky positioning
• Using z-index for layering
• Understanding stacking context
• Float and clear properties (legacy layouts)
• Centering elements (horizontally & vertically)

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8. Flexbox Layout

• Introduction to Flexbox
• Main axis vs cross axis
• Parent properties: display: flex, flex-direction, justify-content, align-items, flex-wrap, align-content
• Child properties: flex-grow, flex-shrink, flex-basis, align-self, order
• Building responsive layouts with Flexbox

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9. CSS Grid Layout

• Introduction to CSS Grid
• Defining rows and columns (grid-template-rows, grid-template-columns)
• Grid gaps and areas
• Placing items with line numbers and names
• Combining Grid with Flexbox

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10. Images and Media

• Image styling (size, fit, position)
• Using object-fit and object-position
• Image filters (blur, brightness, grayscale, etc.)
• Background overlays

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11. Transitions, Animations, and Transformations

• CSS transitions (smooth effects on hover/focus)
• CSS animations with @keyframes
• Animation properties (duration, delay, iteration-count, etc.)
• 2D/3D transforms (rotate, scale, translate, skew)

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12. Responsive Design

• What is responsive design
• Using viewport meta tag
• CSS units: px, %, em, rem, vh, vw
• Media queries for different devices
• Fluid layouts and responsive typography
• Mobile-first design principles

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13. Advanced CSS Concepts

• Custom properties (CSS variables)
• Using calc() for dynamic sizing
• CSS functions (var(), min(), max(), clamp())
• Pseudo-classes for forms (:valid, :invalid, :checked)
• Advanced selectors (:not(), :nth-of-type())
• CSS filters and blend modes

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14. CSS Frameworks and Preprocessors

• Introduction to CSS frameworks:
  • Bootstrap
  • Tailwind CSS
  • Bulma / Foundation
• Introduction to preprocessors:
  • SASS / SCSS
  • LESS
• Variables, nesting, and mixins in SASS

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15. Best Practices & Optimization

• Writing clean, reusable CSS
• Naming conventions (BEM methodology)
• File organization and modular CSS
• Minifying and optimizing CSS for performance
• Cross-browser compatibility testing

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16. Practical Projects

• Personal portfolio page
• Responsive landing page
• Blog layout
• Navigation menu with dropdown
• Animated card or product grid
• CSS-only image gallery

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Other Courses Syllabus

• HTML Syllabus.